1. 出處:http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19938908#
2009 Dec;12(4):198-203.
The use of a combination of pentoxifylline and tocopherol in women with a thin endometrium undergoing assisted conception therapies--a report of 20 cases.
Source
Reproductive Medicine Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds, UK. acharya.santanu@yahoo.com
Abstract
An optimal thickness of the endometrium is considered to be one of the prerequisites for successful implantation of the embryo. A retrospective analysis was carried out to investigate the use of Pentoxyfylline and tocopherol in improving theendometrial thickness in cases that are unresponsive to conventional therapy. Twenty women with thin endometrium (<6 mm) undergoing either ovulation induction or frozen embryo transfer cycles were prescribed 800 mg of PTX and 1000 IU of Vit E daily. In 11 cases, the etiology for thin endometrium was unknown. The known causes included Turners' syndrome (3), Kallman's syndrome (1), idiopathic hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism (2), premature ovarian failure (1) and Asherman's syndrome (2), none of which had responded to conventional hormonal stimulation. The mean duration of treatment was 8.1 months (+/-4.5, range 1-18 months). The mean thickness of endometrium before and after treatment was 4.37 mm (+/-1.5 mm) and 6.05 mm (+/-1.83 mm), respectively (p = 0.001, 95% CI 0.84-2.5). Overall, 14 (73.7%) women showed improvement in endometrial thickness which was the primary outcome. Pregnancy occurred in eight women (40%) of which three were natural, one had ovulation induction and another five had frozen embryo transfers. We conclude that a combination of pentoxyfylline and tocopherol may improve endometrial growth in resistant cases that are unresponsive to conventional therapy.
重點在 pentoxifylline and tocopherol
pentoxifylline 一種血管疾病用藥
http://www.chimei.org.tw/main/right/right01/cmh_department/55500/drugdata/monograph/24T053.htm
tocopherol 維生素E
2.出處http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19200982
Endometrial growth and uterine blood flow: a pilot study for improvingendometrial thickness in the patients with a thin endometrium.
Source
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Saiseikai Shimonoseki General Hospital, Kifunecho, Shimonoseki, Japan.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE:
To examine whether thin endometria can be improved by increasing uterine radial artery (uRA) blood flow.
DESIGN:
A prospective observational study.
SETTING:
University hospital and city general hospital.
PATIENT(S):
Sixty-one patients with a thin endometrium (endometrial thickness [EM] <8 mm) and high radial artery-resistance index of uRA (RA-RI >or=0.81).
INTERVENTION(S):
Vitamin E (600 mg/day, n = 25), l-arginine (6 g/day, n = 9), or sildenafil citrate (100 mg/day, intravaginally, n = 12) was given.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S):
EM and RA-RI were assessed by transvaginal color-pulsed Doppler ultrasound.
RESULT(S):
Vitamin E improved RA-RI in 18 (72%) out of 25 patients and EM in 13 (52%) out of 25 patients. L-arginine improved RA-RI in eight (89%) out of nine patients and EM in six (67%) patients. Sildenafil citrate improved RA-RI and EM in 11 (92%) out of 12 patients. In the control group (n = 10), who received no medication to increase uRA-blood flow, only one (10%) patient improved in RA-RI and EM. The effect of vitamin E was histologically examined in the endometrium (n = 5). Vitamin E improved the glandular epithelial growth, development of blood vessels, and vascular endothelial growth factor protein expression in the endometrium.
CONCLUSION(S):
Vitamin E, l-arginine, or sildenafil citrate treatment improves RA-RI and EM and may be useful for the patients with a thin endometrium.
Copyright 2010 American Society for Reproductive Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
重點在,Vitamin E, l-arginine, or sildenafil citrate
中文:L-精氨酸，維生素E，或枸櫞酸西地那
sildenafil citrate:威而剛
http://www.chimei.org.tw/main/right/right01/cmh_department/55500/drugdata/monograph/28S024.htm
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